75A - PUBLIC HEARING 5 YR CONSOLITATED PLAN

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iii. Disnarities in Access to ODDortuni The following section describes locational differences and disparities experienced by different groups in accessing key features of opportunity: educational quality, economic factors, transportation, and environmental health. Access to neighborhoods with high levels of opportunity is made more difficult due to discrimination and when there is not a sufficient range and supply of housing in such neighborhoods. In addition, the continuing legacy of discrimination and segregation can impact the availability of quality infrastructure, educational resources, environmental protections, and economic drivers, all of which can create disparities in access to opportunity. Three opportunity indices (economic, educational, and environmental) use data assembled by the California Fair Housing Task Force on behalf of the Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) and California Tax Credit Allocation Committee (TCAC) for the 2020 TCAC/HCD Opportunity Map'. The Economic Opportunity Index is a composite of four indicators depicting elements of neighborhood socio-economic character. The Environmental Opportunity Index reflects indicators from the exposures and environmental effects subcomponents of the "pollution burden" domain of CalEnviroScreen 3.0. The Educational Opportunity Index is a composite of four educational indicators capturing information on student proficiency, graduation rates, and student poverty. All indices range from 0 to 100, reflecting percentiles scaled to census tracts in Orange County5, and with higher values indicating higher levels of opportunity. The two transportation indicators (transit trips and low transportation cost) analyzed below employ data from version 3.0 of the Location Affordability Index (LAI)6. The transit trips index measures how often low-income families in a neighborhood use public transportation. The index ranges from 0 to 100, with higher values indicating a higher likelihood that residents in a neighborhood utilize public transit. The low transportation cost index measures cost of transportation and proximity to public transportation by neighborhood. It too varies from 0 to 100, and higher scores point to lower transportation costs in that neighborhood. 1. Educational Opportunities 1. For the protected class groups) HUD has provided data, describe any disparities in access to education in the jurisdiction and region. Countywide, there are disparities across racial/ethnic groups in access to educational opportunities as measured by the index. Across all tracts in Orange County, non -Hispanic Whites exhibit the highest exposure to educational opportunity (index score of about 59) and non -Hispanic Asians second -highest (53). Hispanics have the lowest access to these opportunities (31), with non - Hispanic Blacks in between (46). Several jurisdictions score highly (index values at or above 60) on educational opportunity across all racial categories. These cities include Aliso Viejo, Huntington Beach, Irvine, Laguna Niguel, La Palma, Mission Viejo, and Rancho Santa Margarita. Other jurisdictions obtain low scores on the index. San Juan Capistrano has low educational opportunity, scoring below 10 on the index for all races/ethnicities. San Clemente, Anaheim, and Santa Ana fare similarly poorly, although non -Hispanic Whites score higher (39) than other race/ethnic groups in that city. Buena Park, Costa Mesa, Garden Grove, Orange City, La Habra 139 75A-418