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Table of Contents <br />Summary..................................................................................................................................... i <br />Tableof Contents.......................................................................................................................v <br />Listof Figures......................................................................................................................... <br />vii <br />Listof Tables............................................................................................................................ix <br />Listof Abbreviated Terms........................................................................................................xi <br />Chapter1. Introduction....................................................................................................1 <br />1.1. Purpose of the Noise Study Report ............................................................................1 <br />1.2. Project Purpose and Need..........................................................................................2 <br />1.2.1. Project Purpose.............................................................................................2 <br />1.2.2. Project Need.................................................................................................2 <br />Chapter 2. Project Description.........................................................................................3 <br />2.1. No Build Alternative.................................................................................................3 <br />2.2. Build Alternative.......................................................................................................3 <br />Chapter 3. Fundamentals of Traffic Noise.....................................................................11 <br />3.1. Sound, Noise, and Acoustics...................................................................................11 <br />3.2. Frequency and Hertz................................................................................................11 <br />3.3. Sound Pressure Levels and Decibels.......................................................................11 <br />3.4. Addition of Decibels................................................................................................12 <br />3.5. A -Weighted Decibels..............................................................................................12 <br />3.6. Human Response to Changes in Noise Levels........................................................13 <br />3.7. Noise Descriptors....................................................................................................14 <br />3.8. Sound Propagation...................................................................................................15 <br />3.8.1. Geometric Spreading..................................................................................15 <br />3.8.2. Ground Absorption.....................................................................................15 <br />3.8.3. Atmospheric Effects...................................................................................15 <br />3.8.4. Shielding by Natural or Human -Made Features.........................................16 <br />Chapter 4. Federal, State, and Local Policies and Procedures.......................................17 <br />4.1. Federal Regulations.................................................................................................17 <br />4.1.1. 23 CFR 772.................................................................................................17 <br />4.1.2. Traffic Noise Analysis Protocol for New Highway Construction <br />and Reconstruction Projects.......................................................................19 <br />4.2. State Regulations and Policies.................................................................................19 <br />4.2.1. California Environmental Quality Act.......................................................19 <br />4.2.2. Section 216 of the California Streets and Highways Code.........................19 <br />4.3. Local Regulations and Policies................................................................................20 <br />4.3.1. City of Santa Ana.......................................................................................20 <br />Chapter 5. Study Methods and Procedures....................................................................21 <br />5.1. Methods for Identifying Land Uses and Selecting Noise Measurement and <br />Modeling Receptor Locations.................................................................................21 <br />5.2. Field Measurement Procedures................................................................................21 <br />5.2.1. Short -Term Measurements.........................................................................27 <br />5.2.2. Long -Term Measurements.........................................................................27 <br />5.3. Traffic Noise Level Prediction Methods.................................................................27 <br />5.4. Methods for Identifying Traffic Noise Impacts and Consideration of <br />Abatement................................................................................................................28 <br />Chapter 6. Existing Noise Environment........................................................................31 <br />Fairview Street Improvements from 9th Street to 16th Street v <br />and Bridge Replacement Project Noise Study Report <br />