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APPENDIX 1— LAW *** THIS DOCUMENT IS CURRENT THROUGH THE 2018 SUPPLEMENT *** (ALL 2017 LEGISLATION) STREETS AND HIGHWAYS CODE DIVISION 18. PARKING PART 7. PROPERTY AND BUSINESS IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT LAW OF 1994 CHAPTER 1. General Provisions ARTICLE 1. Declarations 36600. Citation of part This part shall be known and may be cited as the "Property and Business Improvement District Law of 1994." 36601. Legislative findings and declarations; Legislative guidance The Legislature finds and declares all of the following: (a) Businesses located and operating within business districts in some of this state's communities are economically disadvantaged, are underutilized, and are unable to attract customers due to inadequate facilities, services, and activities in the business districts. (b) It is in the public interest to promote the economic revitalization and physical maintenance of business districts in order to create jobs, attract new businesses, and prevent the erosion of the business districts. (c) It is of particular local benefit to allow business districts to fund business related improvements, maintenance, and activities through the levy of assessments upon the businesses or real property that receive benefits from those improvements. (d) Assessments levied for the purpose of conferring special benefit upon the real property or a specific benefit upon the businesses in abusiness district are not taxes for the general benefit of a city, even ifproperty, businesses, or persons not assessed receive incidental or collateral effects that benefit them. (e) Property and business improvement districts formed throughout this state have conferred special benefits upon properties and businesses within their districts and have made those properties and businesses more useful by providing the following benefits: (1) Crime reduction. A study by the Rand Corporation has confirmed a 12-percent reduction in the incidence of robbery and an 8-percent reduction in the total incidence of violent crimes within the 30 districts studied. (2) Job creation. (3) Business attraction. (4) Business retention. (5) Economic growth. (6) New investments. (t) With the dissolution of redevelopment agencies throughout the state, property and business improvement districts have become even more important tools with which communities can combat blight, promote economic opportunities, and create a clean and safe environment (g) Since the enactment of this act the people of California have adopted Proposition 218, which added Article XIII D to the Constitution in order to place certain requirements and restrictions on the formation of, and activities, expenditures, and assessments by property -based districts. Article XIII D of the Constitution provides that property -based districts may only levy assessments for special benefits. (h) The act amending this section is intended to provide the Legislature's guidance with regard to this act its interaction with the provisions of Article XIII D of the Constitution, and the determination of special benefits in property -based districts. (1) The lack of legislative guidance has resulted in uncertainty and inconsistent application of this act which discourages the use of assessments to fund needed improvements, maintenance, and activities in property -based districts, contributing to blight and other underutilization of property. (2) Activities undertaken for the purpose of conferring special benefits upon property to be assessed inherently produce incidental or collateral effects that benefit property or persons not assessed. Therefore, for special benefits to exist as a separate and distinct category from general benefits, the SATMD Management District Plan 13 March 19, 2020 12A-22