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AMERICAN
<br /> V AM PSY'CN^ OLOGICA
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<br /> all adolescents report that they use social media "almost constantly" 15. Research also has
<br /> compared social media use to diagnostic criteria for substance use dependencies, revealing that
<br /> many adolescents report an inability to stop using social media, even when they want to,
<br /> remarkable efforts to maintain access to social media, the use of social media to regulate their
<br /> emotions, a need for increasing social media use to achieve the same level of pleasure (i.e.,
<br /> tolerance symptoms), withdrawal symptoms following abstinence, an significant impairment in
<br /> their daily educational, social, work routines. A recent study revealed that over 54% of 11— 13-
<br /> year-old youth reported at least one of these symptoms of problematic social media use 16. About
<br /> 85% of youth report spending more time than intended online and 61% reporting failing when
<br /> trying to stop or reduce their use of social media 17.
<br /> Alterations in Brain Development. Youths' biological vulnerability to technology and
<br /> social media, and their resulting frequent use of these platforms, also has the potential to alter
<br /> youths' neural development since our brains develop in response to the environment we live in.
<br /> Recent studies have revealed that technology and social media use is associated with changes in
<br /> structural brain development(i.e., changing the size and physical characteristics of the brain). In
<br /> addition, research with my own colleagues at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
<br /> recently has revealed that technology and social media use also is associated with changes in how
<br /> the brain works). Our data has revealed that youth indeed spend a remarkable amount of time
<br /> using their devices 18. Objective data measured by teens' phones themselves indicated that the
<br /> average number of times that youth in sixth grade picked up their phones was over 100,with some
<br /> interrupting daily activities to pick up their phones over 400 times a day. On average, adolescents
<br /> is Vogels,E.A., Gelles-Watnick,R., &Massarat,N. (2022,August 10). Teens, social media and technology 2022.
<br /> Pew Research Center llitdi2s..://wvvw.,.L)cwres rare:°lla.orsy/ititeni t/2022/08/a0/teats social inedia11, lrlcl,,,,,,t�e llarls�lcr,';�.
<br /> 16 Boer M, Stevens GWJM,Finkenauer C,van den Eijnden RJJM. The course of problematic social media use in
<br /> young adolescents:A latent class growth analysis. Child Dev. 2022;93(2):el68-el87. doi:10.1111/cdev.13712
<br /> 17 The Common Sense Census: Media Use by Tweens and Teens. (2021).
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<br /> 18 Armstrong-Carter,E., Garrett, S.L.,Nick,E.A.,Prinstein,M. J., &Telzer,E.H. (2022).Momentary links
<br /> between adolescents' social media use and social experiences and motivations:Individual differences by peer
<br /> susceptibility.Developmental psychology.
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