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health risks of the chemical exposures below the CEQA cancer and non -cancer health risks. <br />Source mitigation for formaldehyde may include: <br />1.) reducing the amount materials and/or furnishings that emit formaldehyde <br />2.) substituting a different material with a lower area -specific emission rate of <br />formaldehyde <br />Ventilation mitigation for formaldehyde emitted from building materials and/or <br />furnishings may include: <br />1.) increasing the design minimum outdoor air ventilation rate to the IAQ Zone. <br />NOTE: Mitigating the formaldehyde emissions through use of less material/furnishings, or <br />use of lower emitting materials/furnishings, is the preferred mitigation option, as mitigation <br />with increased outdoor air ventilation increases initial and operating costs associated with <br />the heating/cooling systems. <br />Further, we are not asking that the builder "speculate" on what and how much composite <br />materials be used, but rather at the design stage to select composite wood materials based <br />on the formaldehyde emission rates that manufacturers routinely conduct using the <br />California Department of Health "Standard Method for the Testing and Evaluation of <br />Volatile Organic Chemical Emissions for Indoor Sources Using Environmental <br />Chambers," (CDPH, 2017), and use the procedure described earlier above (i.e. Pre - <br />Construction Building Material/Furnishing Formaldehyde Emissions Assessment) to <br />insure that the materials selected achieve acceptable cancer risks from material off gassing <br />of formaldehyde. <br />Outdoor Air Ventilation Impact. Another important finding of the CNHS, was that the <br />outdoor air ventilation rates in the homes were very low. Outdoor air ventilation is a very <br />important factor influencing the indoor concentrations of air contaminants, as it is the <br />primary removal mechanism of all indoor air generated contaminants. Lower outdoor air <br />exchange rates cause indoor generated air contaminants to accumulate to higher indoor air <br />concentrations. Many homeowners rarely open their windows or doors for ventilation as a <br />10 of 19 <br />