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havoc on school culture and fuels the school -to -prison pipeline."' A wealth of scholarship has <br />repeatedly shown that the presence of police officers in schools creates hostile environments that <br />subject Black and Brown youth to arrest, harassment, and assault by police.' In fact, studies show <br />that having even one School Resource Officer in schools on a weekly basis increases the <br />likelihood of students becoming involved in the justice system.4 Arrest rates for disorderly <br />conduct and low-level assault substantially increase when police are assigned to schools. s The <br />evidence does not suggest that police are the best way to improve school safety;' rather, <br />increasing their numbers comes at an unacceptable cost in the form of the over incarceration of <br />students. <br />For these reasons we urge you to vote No on Item 12 and prioritize the safety of our students by <br />investing in school crossing guards and other proactive safety measures. Our children deserve a <br />safe environment for their education, which police cannot and will not provide. <br />Sincerely, <br />Bulmaro Vicente <br />Policy and Political Director <br />PB <br />Petia oza(.ii)santa....aga.on) <br />Jessiel,opez(�)sanla a aa.or <br />).vaz uez ii)sanla ataa.org <br />Advancement Project, Alliance for Educational Justice, Dignity in Schools Campaign, & NAACP Legal Defense <br />and Educational Fund, Inc.,"Police in Schools Are Not the Answer to School Shootings," Advancement Project <br />(2018): 3, https://advancementproject.org/resources/police-schools-not-answer-school-shootings/ <br />31d. <br />4 Jason P .Nance, "Students, Police, and the School -to -Prison Pipeline." Washington University Law Review 93.no.4 <br />(2015): 919 - 988 <br />s Cheryl Corely, "Do Police in Schools Really Make Them Safer". NPR (March 8, 2018), <br />https://www.npr.org/2018/03/08/591753884/do-police-officers-in- schools -really -make -them -safer <br />6 Skiba, Russel J., et al. Are Black Kids Worse? Myths and Facts About Racial Differences In Behavior: A Summary <br />of the Literature (March 2014) Indiana University, <br />http://www.indiana.edu/—atlantic/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/African-American-Differential-Behavior 031214.pdf <br />2 <br />