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<br /> <br /> TSGP Appendix | February 2021 Page D-3 <br />Operational Activities <br />Operational Activities address the Soft Targets/Crowded Places; and Emergent Threat Priorities. <br /> <br />FEMA encourages applicants to develop innovative operational approaches to enhance the security of <br />transit systems. Projects that use visible, unpredictable deterrence, to include operational packages <br />dealing with explosive detection canine teams, mobile screening teams, and anti-terrorism teams, directly <br />support enhancing the protection of soft targets and crowded places. Implementation of one of the three <br />Operational Package (OPack) models discussed below complements existing security systems and <br />provides an appropriate, practical, and cost-effective means of protecting assets. <br /> <br />Agencies may submit Investment Justifications (IJ) to fund transit security police forces/law enforcement <br />providers for patrols and activities on overtime, such as directed patrols, additional canine teams, mobile <br />screening teams, or anti-terrorism team patrols. These activities must be dedicated to the transit <br />environment and must be anti-terrorism in nature. Agencies must identify the type of activity, length of <br />operation (hours), number of personnel, and cost based on length of operation and personnel. Agencies <br />should also provide a risk-based justification for the request, to include linkage to a known event, such as <br />hosting a significant regional sporting or political event; or a period of heightened awareness, such as a <br />national holiday. Three OPack types have been developed to support operational activities and are <br />available for funding under the TSGP: <br /> <br />• Explosives Detection Canine Teams (EDCTs). When combined with the existing capability of a <br />transit security/police force, the added value provided through the addition of an EDCT is <br />significant. EDCTs are a proven, reliable resource to detect explosives and are a key component <br />in a balanced counter-sabotage program. The TSGP will provide funds to establish dedicated <br />security/police force canine teams. Each canine team will be composed of one dog and one <br />handler. <br />• Anti-Terrorism Teams (ATTs). The ATT capability provided through TSGP funding is for <br />uniformed, dedicated transit patrols on a normal operational basis, rather than using teams only <br />for a surge capacity as provided by FEMA in the past. ATTs do not supersede other local transit <br />security forces; rather, they augment current capabilities. Each ATT will consist of four <br />individuals, including two overt elements (e.g., uniformed transit sector law enforcement officer, <br />canine team, mobile explosive screeners), and two discreet observer elements. <br />• Mobile Explosive Screening Teams (MESTs). The MEST OPack will allow recipients the <br />flexibility to deploy combinations of certified explosive ordinance technicians with mobile <br />explosive screening technologies, including during local National Special Security Events. This <br />screening technology will be coupled with mobile explosive screening technologies. Each MEST <br />should have a minimum of two members and one mobile explosive screening apparatus. <br /> <br />Note: Funds for canine teams may not be used to fund drug detection and apprehension technique <br />training. Only explosives detection training for the canine teams will be funded. <br />