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out many small branches is safer and better for the tree than taking out several large <br />branches. <br />G. Branches which disrupt tree form. Excessively vigorous branches, or those which <br />run against the general branching pattern, should be trimmed for better balance and <br />shape. (This does not mean the tree must be made perfectly symmetrical: <br />Asymmetry as such can be both attractive and safe.) <br />3. On trees known to be diseased, tools are to be disinfected with methyl alcohol at 70% <br />(denatured wood alcohol diluted appropriately with water) or Chlorox solution after each <br />cut and between trees where there is known to be a danger of transmitting the disease on <br />tools. <br />4. Old injuries are to be inspected. Those not closing properly and where the callus growth is <br />not already completely established should be traced where appropriate. If desired, for <br />cosmetic purposes, the wound may be treated with a thin coat of wound dressing. <br />5. All girdling roots visible to the eye are to be reported to a City supervisor. <br />6. The presence of any structural weakness, disease conditions, decayed trunk or branches, <br />split crotches or branches, should be reported in writing to a City supervisor and corrective <br />measures recommended. <br />7. When pruning back trees, the contractor shall make all trees shapely and typical of their <br />species. (Under no circumstances shall central leader trees have their central leader <br />removed without written consent from the Director). <br />III. TREE AND STUMP REMOVAL STANDARDS <br />1. Trees identified for removal are to be cut back and lowered to the ground in sections. <br />Sections shall be no larger than can be safely controlled. Extreme care must be taken to <br />prevent unsafe working or other hazardous conditions to individuals, landscape, structures, <br />or obstacles. <br />2. Trees shall not be stump cut and felled. <br />3. Tree stumps not designated for removal shall be cut flush with the ground. <br />4. Tree stumps to be removed shall be completely ground to a minimum of twelve inches <br />(12") below soil surface. All surface roots within this zone shall also be removed by <br />grinding. <br />5. All excavation as a result of this process shall be backfilled exactly level with surrounding <br />soil, compacted and fine graded and turf installed where applicable. <br />6. Stump and roots shall be removed completely or sufficiently enough if replanting in the <br />same pit. <br />32 <br />