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1. Using a waterpipe to smoke tobacco poses a serious potential health <br />hazard to smokers and others exposed to the smoke emitted (9). <br />2. Using a waterpipe to smoke tobacco is not a safe alternative to cigazette <br />smoking (4). <br />3. Atypical 1-hour long waterpipe smoking session involves inhaling 100- <br />200 times the volume of smoke inhaled with a single cigarette (~. <br />4. Even after it has been passed through water, the smoke produced by a <br />waterpipe contains high levels of toxic compounds, including cazbon <br />monoxide, heavy metals and cancer-causing chemicals (8, 14). <br />5. Commonly used heat sources that aze applied to burn the tobacco, such as <br />wood cinders or charcoal, are likely to increase the health risks because <br />when such fuels are combusted they produce their own toxicants, <br />including high levels of carbon monoxide, metals and cancer-causing <br />chemicals (7, IS). <br />6. Pregnant women and the fetus aze particulazly vulnerable when exposed <br />either actively or involuntazily to the waterpipe smoke toxicants (1~. <br />7. Second-hand smoke from waterpipes is a mixture of tobacco smoke in <br />addition to smoke from the fuel and therefore poses a serious risk for non- <br />smokers (8). <br />There is no proof that any device or accessory can make waterpipe <br />smoking safer. <br />9. Sharing a waterpipe mouthpiece poses a serious risk of transmission of <br />communicable diseases, including tuberculosis and hepatitis (4). <br />10. Waterpipe tobacco is often sweetened and flavoured, making it very <br />appealing; the sweet smell and taste of the smoke may explain why some <br />people, particularly young people who otherwise would not use tobacco, <br />begin to use waterpipes (20). <br />75A-13 <br />