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B. AFFIRMATIVELY FURTHERING FAIR HOUSING Santa Ana participated in the preparation of a regional Analysis of Impediments (AI) to Fair Housing as the primary means to affirm fair housing opportunities in the community. The regional Al was a joint effort of the Fair Housing Council of Orange County (FHCOC), the County of Orange, and Orange County jurisdictions that receive funds from HUD. HUD regulations require that an AI be prepared in conjunction with the Consolidated Plan cycle (i.e., at least every five years). The current regional Al was updated in 2010, and covers the time period of program years 2010 -2011 through 2014 -2015. The Al identified impediments to fair housing choice on a regional basis and outlined strategies regional partners implemented to overcome identified fair housing impediments. In compliance with federal regulations the following information is provided with respect to actions taken during the report period to affirmatively further fair housing. 1. Actions to Affirmatively Further Fair Housina As a means to affirm fair housing opportunities, the Al identifies regional impediments and an action plan to address impediments. It is important to note that not all of the impediments delineated in the Al were present in Santa Ana during the report period. 1. Housing Discrimination: Housing discrimination may be under reported, therefore, the number of complaints may not accurately measure the extent of this fair housing impediment. A review of available data indicated complaints are mainly related to disability (35 percent), race and color (20 percent) and national origin (14 percent). 2. Real Estate Advertising: This impediment refers to print advertisements for the sale /rental of a dwelling that indicates a preference, limitation or discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, marital status, national origin, ancestry, familial status, disability, sexual orientation, or source of income. A review of relevant data (online and newspaper print ads) found about 8 percent contained questionable language. The overwhelming majority of the questionable language was "No Pets" which occurred in 14.8 percent of the ads. Other questionable language included "near church /school." 3. Hate Crimes: A hate crime is defined as "a criminal act committed, in whole or in part, because of one or more of the following actual or perceived characteristics of the victim: disability, gender, nationality, race or ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, association with a person /group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristics. 4. Unfair Lending: This impediment refers to underwriting, marketing and pricing that discriminates because of income, race or ethnicity of the residents in the area where the property is located. Evaluation of 2008 Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data found there was disparities in loan approval /denial rates among racial and ethnic borrowers, in particular, Hispanic applicants have higher loan denial rates than White, Non - Hispanic borrowers. 5. Zoning Policies and Practices: Federal and state fair housing laws require all local governments to affirmatively further fair housing opportunities. One way is to make reasonable 08/23/2012 11 19C -19