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Santa Ana will focus on two main clusters and devote its resources to a lesser extent in two <br />others: <br />• Manufacturing. Though traditional manufacturing is slated to lose a trivial amount of <br />jobs over the next decade, these losses are offset by two conditions. First, Santa Ana's <br />manufacturing ownership is aging, which creates opportunities for the upcoming youth <br />population locally. Second, advanced manufacturing is in fact on the increase all over <br />the County, not in decline. Although much of this activity is outside of Santa Ana <br />proper, its workforce mobility will allow its population to migrate to where the jobs are. <br />Advanced manufacturing itself is composed not only of new industries and techniques, <br />as indicated in the bio- technology and nanotechnology analysis, but also is a factor in all <br />manufacturing. CNC, 3 -D printing and sintering, and related technologies make it <br />imperative that any middle market manufacturer adopt practices that require <br />mathematics skills in order to stay competitive. The same is true for small <br />manufacturers, though often to a lesser extent. <br />These developments create the following needs for labor: on- the -job technical and <br />semi - technical labor trainable by the current sources of industrial arts training in the <br />public and private schools, highly skilled labor trainable is specific courses and prepared <br />for by STEM and other education for the advanced techniques and clusters now in <br />growth mode, and OJT formal and informal training to create career pathways and <br />earning ladders for those already in the workforce or about to enter it. Note that in the <br />career pathway model, manufacturing skills often can be trained for, rather than <br />requiring formal education, but that this this pathway is narrowing as manufacturing <br />sophistication grows. <br />• Health care and associated social services. One of the fastest growing clusters in <br />Orange County, this cluster has been passingly important for Santa Ana proper. No <br />cluster has fueled growth in Orange County to the extent of the health care system, <br />especially the large hospitals and research facilities of the northern part of the county. <br />Santa Ana has one hospital of note within it, but a large number of clinics, outpatient <br />facilities, etc. The Affordable Care Act is projected to result in more such facilities, <br />creating a greater need for labor at all levels of the health and social system. In <br />addition, dental practices, including needs for every level of dental technicians, are <br />among the fastest growing sub - categories in Santa Ana. Santa Ana thus is experiencing <br />one of the most significant gaps between need and trained human resources. <br />As in the case of the manufacturing cluster, the health care cluster has an established <br />base of training facilities for front office, back office, and technical support. The Santa <br />Ana youth program, as suggested in Section 4 below, already is focusing on this need <br />both in school and other programs. in addition, the region is rich in post- secondary <br />training facilities. <br />• Hospitality /entertainment and especially its sub - clusters. This cluster continues to be <br />a mainstay of northern Orange County based on the sheer number of people who work <br />in it. In addition to its traditionally low paying jobs at the bottom of the employment <br />ladder, this cluster has been able to stimulate some higher paying ones in the fields of <br />21 <br />19F -26 <br />