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HARBOR BLVD. MIXED USE TRANSIT CORRIDOR PLAN FINAL FIR <br />CITY OF SANTA ANA <br />5. Environmental Analysis <br />GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS <br />Table 5.5 -1 GHG and Their Relative Global Warminq Potential Compared to CO2 <br />GHG <br />Atmospheric Lifetime ears <br />Global Warming Potential <br />Relative to CO21 <br />Carbon Dioxide (CO2) <br />50 to 200 <br />1 <br />Methane (CH4)2 <br />12 ( ±3) <br />21 <br />Nitrous Oxide (N20) <br />120 <br />310 <br />Hydrofluorocarbons: <br />HFC -23 <br />264 <br />11,700 <br />HFC -32 <br />5.6 <br />650 <br />HFC -125 <br />32.6 <br />2,800 <br />HFC -134a <br />14.6 <br />1,300 <br />HFC -143a <br />48.3 <br />3,800 <br />HFC -152a <br />1.5 <br />140 <br />HFC -227ea <br />36.5 <br />2,900 <br />HFC -236fa <br />209 <br />6,300 <br />HFC -4310mee <br />17.1 <br />1,300 <br />Peduoromethane: CFa <br />50,000 <br />6,500 <br />Peduoroethane: 02F6 <br />10,000 <br />9,200 <br />Peduorobutane: 04ho <br />2,600 <br />7,000 <br />Peduoro-2- methylpentane: 06F14 <br />3,200 <br />7,400 <br />Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) <br />3,200 <br />23,900 <br />Source: IPCC 2001. <br />' Based on 100 -Year Time Horizon of the Global Warming Potential (GWP) of the air pollutant relative to CO2. <br />2 The methane GWP includes the direct effects and those indirect effects due to the production of tropospheric ozone and stratospheric water vapor. <br />The indirect effect due to the production of CO2 is not included. <br />Methane (CH4) is emitted during the production and transport of coal, natural gas, and oil. Methane <br />emissions also result from livestock and other agricultural practices and from the decay of organic waste in <br />municipal landfills and water treatment facilities. <br />Nitrous oxide (N20) is emitted during agricultural and industrial activities as well as during combustion of <br />fossil fuels and solid waste. <br />Fluorinated gases are synthetic, strong GHGs that are emitted from a variety of industrial processes. <br />Fluorinated gases are sometimes used as substitutes for ozone - depleting substances. These gases are typically <br />emitted in smaller quantities, but they are potent GHGs, sometimes referred to as high GWP gases. <br />■ Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are GHGs covered under the 1987 Montreal Protocol and used for <br />refrigeration, air conditioning, packaging, insulation, solvents, or aerosol propellants. Since they are not <br />destroyed in the lower atmosphere (troposphere, stratosphere), CFCs drift into the upper atmosphere <br />where, given suitable conditions, they break down ozone. These gases are also ozone - depleting gases and <br />are therefore being replaced by other GHG compounds covered under the Kyoto Protocol. <br />■ Perfluomcorbons (PFCs) are a group of human made chemicals composed of carbon and fluorine <br />only. These chemicals (predominantly perfluoromethane [CFa] and perfluoroethane [C2F6]) were <br />Page 5.5 -2 PlaceWorkr <br />