|
SHEET:
<br />JOB No:
<br />DATE:
<br />DRAWN BY:
<br />PLAN:
<br />PHONE:
<br />JOB SITE:
<br />PROJECT NAME:
<br />REVISION:BY:
<br />GALIDO
<br />RESIDENCE
<br />23-074
<br />08-12-2024
<br />R.B.
<br />310-658-2071
<br />2805 N OLIVE LN,
<br />SANTA ANA CA 92706
<br />APPROVED BY :O.V.
<br />d e s i g n e r
<br />O s c a r V e g a
<br />BEST MANAGEMENT
<br />PRACTICES
<br />G-4
<br />Gravel Bag Berm SE-6
<br />Categories
<br />EC Erosion Control
<br />SE Sediment Control
<br />TC Tracking Control
<br />WE Wind Erosion Control
<br />NS
<br />WM
<br />Non-Stormwater
<br />Management Control
<br />Waste Management and
<br />Materials Pollution Control
<br />Legend:
<br /> Primary Category
<br /> Secondary Category
<br />
<br />
<br />Description and Purpose
<br />A gravel bag berm is a series of gravel-filled bags placed on a
<br />level contour to intercept sheet flows. Gravel bags pond sheet
<br />flow runoff, allowing sediment to settle out, and release runoff
<br />slowly as sheet flow, preventing erosion.
<br />Suitable Applications
<br />Gravel bag berms may be suitable:
<br /> As a linear sediment control measure:
<br />- Below the toe of slopes and erodible slopes
<br />- As sediment traps at culvert/pipe outlets
<br />- Below other small cleared areas
<br />- Along the perimeter of a site
<br />- Down slope of exposed soil areas
<br />- Around temporary stockpiles and spoil areas
<br />- Parallel to a roadway to keep sediment off paved areas
<br />- Along streams and channels
<br /> As a linear erosion control measure:
<br />- Along the face and at grade breaks of exposed and
<br />erodible slopes to shorten slope length and spread
<br />runoff as sheet flow.
<br />May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal
<br />Construction
<br />www.casqa.org
<br />1 of 4
<br />Targeted Constituents
<br />Sediment
<br />Nutrients
<br />Trash
<br />Metals
<br />Bacteria
<br />Oil and Grease
<br />Organics
<br />Potential Alternatives
<br />SE-1 Silt Fence
<br />SE-5 Fiber Roll
<br />SE-8 Sandbag Barrier
<br />SE-12 Temporary Silt Dike
<br />SE-14 Biofilter Bags
<br />If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
<br />sheet in any way, the CASQA
<br />name/logo and footer below must be
<br />removed from each page and not
<br />appear on the modified version.
<br />
<br />Gravel Bag Berm SE-6
<br />- At the top of slopes to divert runoff away from disturbed slopes.
<br />- As chevrons (small check dams) across mildly sloped construction roads. For use check
<br />dam use in channels, see SE-4, Check Dams.
<br />Limitations
<br /> Gravel berms may be difficult to remove.
<br /> Removal problems limit their usefulness in landscaped areas.
<br /> Gravel bag berm may not be appropriate for drainage areas greater than 5 acres.
<br /> Runoff will pond upstream of the berm, possibly causing flooding if sufficient space does not
<br />exist.
<br /> Degraded gravel bags may rupture when removed, spilling contents.
<br /> Installation can be labor intensive.
<br /> Durability of gravel bags is somewhat limited and bags may need to be replaced when
<br />installation is required for longer than 6 months.
<br /> Easily damaged by construction equipment.
<br /> When used to detain concentrated flows, maintenance requirements increase.
<br />Implementation
<br />General
<br />A gravel bag berm consists of a row of open graded gravel-filled bags placed on a level contour.
<br />When appropriately placed, a gravel bag berm intercepts and slows sheet flow runoff, causing
<br />temporary ponding. The temporary ponding allows sediment to settle. The open graded gravel
<br />in the bags is porous, which allows the ponded runoff to flow slowly through the bags, releasing
<br />the runoff as sheet flows. Gravel bag berms also interrupt the slope length and thereby reduce
<br />erosion by reducing the tendency of sheet flows to concentrate into rivulets, which erode rills,
<br />and ultimately gullies, into disturbed, sloped soils. Gravel bag berms are similar to sand bag
<br />barriers, but are more porous. Generally, gravel bag berms should be used in conjunction with
<br />temporary soil stabilization controls up slope to provide effective erosion and sediment control.
<br />Design and Layout
<br /> Locate gravel bag berms on level contours.
<br /> When used for slope interruption, the following slope/sheet flow length combinations apply:
<br />- Slope inclination of 4:1 (H:V) or flatter: Gravel bags should be placed at a maximum
<br />interval of 20 ft, with the first row near the slope toe.
<br />- Slope inclination between 4:1 and 2:1 (H:V): Gravel bags should be placed at a maximum
<br />interval of 15 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective), with the first row near the slope toe.
<br />May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal
<br />Construction
<br />www.casqa.org
<br />2 of 4
<br />Gravel Bag Berm SE-6
<br />Slope inclination 2:1 (H:V) or greater: Gravel bags should be placed at a maximum
<br />interval of 10 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective), with the first row near the slope toe.
<br /> Turn the ends of the gravel bag barriers up slope to prevent runoff from going around the
<br />berm.
<br /> Allow sufficient space up slope from the gravel bag berm to allow ponding, and to provide
<br />room for sediment storage.
<br /> For installation near the toe of the slope, gravel bag barriers should be set back from the
<br />slope toe to facilitate cleaning. Where specific site conditions do not allow for a set-back, the
<br />gravel bag barrier may be constructed on the toe of the slope. To prevent flows behind the
<br />barrier, bags can be placed perpendicular to a berm to serve as cross barriers.
<br /> Drainage area should not exceed 5 acres.
<br /> In Non-Traffic Areas:
<br />- Height = 18 in. maximum
<br />- Top width = 24 in. minimum for three or more layer construction
<br />- Top width = 12 in. minimum for one or two layer construction
<br />- Side slopes = 2:1 (H:V) or flatter
<br /> In Construction Traffic Areas:
<br />- Height = 12 in. maximum
<br />- Top width = 24 in. minimum for three or more layer construction.
<br />- Top width = 12 in. minimum for one or two layer construction.
<br />- Side slopes = 2:1 (H:V) or flatter.
<br /> Butt ends of bags tightly.
<br /> On multiple row, or multiple layer construction, overlap butt joints of adjacent row and row
<br />beneath.
<br /> Use a pyramid approach when stacking bags.
<br />Materials
<br /> Bag Material: Bags should be woven polypropylene, polyethylene or polyamide fabric or
<br />burlap, minimum unit weight of 4 ounces/yd2, Mullen burst strength exceeding 300 lb/in2 in
<br />conformance with the requirements in ASTM designation D3786, and ultraviolet stability
<br />exceeding 70% in conformance with the requirements in ASTM designation D4355.
<br />May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal
<br />Construction
<br />www.casqa.org
<br />3 of 4
<br />Gravel Bag Berm SE-6
<br /> Bag Size: Each gravel-filled bag should have a length of 18 in., width of 12 in., thickness of
<br />3 in., and mass of approximately 33 lbs. Bag dimensions are nominal, and may vary based
<br />on locally available materials.
<br /> Fill Material: Fill material should be 0.5 to 1 in. crushed rock, clean and free from clay,
<br />organic matter, and other deleterious material, or other suitable open graded, non-cohesive,
<br />porous gravel.
<br />Costs
<br />Material costs for gravel bags are average and are dependent upon material availability. $2.50-
<br />3.00 per filled gravel bag is standard based upon vendor research.
<br />Inspection and Maintenance
<br /> BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated
<br />project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected
<br />weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the
<br />conclusion of rain events.
<br /> Gravel bags exposed to sunlight will need to be replaced every two to three months due to
<br />degrading of the bags.
<br /> Reshape or replace gravel bags as needed.
<br /> Repair washouts or other damage as needed.
<br /> Sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed in order to maintain
<br />BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches
<br />one-third of the barrier height.
<br /> Remove gravel bag berms when no longer needed and recycle gravel fill whenever possible
<br />and properly dispose of bag material. Remove sediment accumulation and clean, re-grade,
<br />and stabilize the area.
<br />References
<br />Handbook of Steel Drainage and Highway Construction, American Iron and Steel Institute,
<br />1983.
<br />Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
<br />State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003.
<br />Stormwater Pollution Plan Handbook, First Edition, State of California, Department of
<br />Transportation Division of New Technology, Materials and Research, October 1992.
<br />Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February
<br />2005.
<br />May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal
<br />Construction
<br />www.casqa.org
<br />4 of 4
<br />Fiber Rolls SE-5
<br />in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when sediment
<br />accumulation reaches one-third the designated sediment storage depth.
<br /> If fiber rolls are used for erosion control, such as in a check dam, sediment removal should
<br />not be required as long as the system continues to control the grade. Sediment control
<br />BMPs will likely be required in conjunction with this type of application.
<br /> Repair any rills or gullies promptly.
<br />References
<br />Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual,
<br />State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003.
<br />Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February
<br />2005.
<br />July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal
<br />Construction
<br />www.casqa.org
<br />4 of 5
<br />Fiber Rolls SE-5
<br /> It is critical that rolls are installed perpendicular to water movement, and parallel to the
<br />slope contour.
<br /> Start building trenches and installing rolls from the bottom of the slope and work up.
<br /> It is recommended that pilot holes be driven through the fiber roll. Use a straight bar to
<br />drive holes through the roll and into the soil for the wooden stakes.
<br /> Turn the ends of the fiber roll up slope to prevent runoff from going around the roll.
<br /> Stake fiber rolls into the trench.
<br />- Drive stakes at the end of each fiber roll and spaced 4 ft maximum on center.
<br />- Use wood stakes with a nominal classification of 0.75 by 0.75 in. and minimum length of
<br />24 in.
<br /> If more than one fiber roll is placed in a row, the rolls should be overlapped, not abutted.
<br /> See typical fiber roll installation details at the end of this fact sheet.
<br />Removal
<br /> Fiber rolls can be left in place or removed depending on the type of fiber roll and application
<br />(temporary vs. permanent installation). Typically, fiber rolls encased with plastic netting are
<br />used for a temporary application because the netting does not biodegrade. Fiber rolls used in
<br />a permanent application are typically encased with a biodegradeable material and are left in
<br />place. Removal of a fiber roll used in a permanent application can result in greater
<br />disturbance.
<br /> Temporary installations should only be removed when up gradient areas are stabilized per
<br />General Permit requirements, and/or pollutant sources no longer present a hazard. But, they
<br />should also be removed before vegetation becomes too mature so that the removal process
<br />does not disturb more soil and vegetation than is necessary.
<br />Costs
<br />Material costs for regular fiber rolls range from $20 - $30 per 25 ft roll.
<br />Material costs for PAM impregnated fiber rolls range between 7.00-$9.00 per linear foot, based
<br />upon vendor research.
<br />Inspection and Maintenance
<br /> BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated
<br />project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected
<br />weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the
<br />conclusion of rain events.
<br /> Repair or replace split, torn, unraveling, or slumping fiber rolls.
<br /> If the fiber roll is used as a sediment capture device, or as an erosion control device to
<br />maintain sheet flows, sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed
<br />July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal
<br />Construction
<br />www.casqa.org
<br />3 of 5
<br />Fiber Rolls SE-5
<br /> Around temporary stockpiles.
<br />Limitations
<br /> Fiber rolls are not effective unless trenched in and staked.
<br /> Not intended for use in high flow situations.
<br /> Difficult to move once saturated.
<br /> If not properly staked and trenched in, fiber rolls could be transported by high flows.
<br /> Fiber rolls have a very limited sediment capture zone.
<br /> Fiber rolls should not be used on slopes subject to creep, slumping, or landslide.
<br /> Rolls typically function for 12-24 months depending upon local conditions.
<br />Implementation
<br />Fiber Roll Materials
<br /> Fiber rolls should be prefabricated.
<br /> Fiber rolls may come manufactured containing polyacrylamide (PAM), a flocculating agent
<br />within the roll. Fiber rolls impregnated with PAM provide additional sediment removal
<br />capabilities and should be used in areas with fine, clayey or silty soils to provide additional
<br />sediment removal capabilities. Monitoring may be required for these installations.
<br /> Fiber rolls are made from weed free rice straw, flax, or a similar agricultural material bound
<br />into a tight tubular roll by netting.
<br /> Typical fiber rolls vary in diameter from 9 in. to 20 in. Larger diameter rolls are available as
<br />well.
<br />Installation
<br /> Locate fiber rolls on level contours spaced as follows:
<br />- Slope inclination of 4:1 (H:V) or flatter: Fiber rolls should be placed at a maximum
<br />interval of 20 ft.
<br />- Slope inclination between 4:1 and 2:1 (H:V): Fiber Rolls should be placed at a maximum
<br />interval of 15 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective).
<br />- Slope inclination 2:1 (H:V) or greater: Fiber Rolls should be placed at a maximum
<br />interval of 10 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective).
<br /> Prepare the slope before beginning installation.
<br /> Dig small trenches across the slope on the contour. The trench depth should be ¼ to 1/3 of
<br />the thickness of the roll, and the width should equal the roll diameter, in order to provide
<br />area to backfill the trench.
<br />July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal
<br />Construction
<br />www.casqa.org
<br />2 of 5
<br />Fiber Rolls SE-5
<br />Categories
<br />EC Erosion Control
<br />SE Sediment Control
<br />TC Tracking Control
<br />WE Wind Erosion Control
<br />NS
<br />WM
<br />Non-Stormwater
<br />Management Control
<br />Waste Management and
<br />Materials Pollution Control
<br />Legend:
<br /> Primary Category
<br /> Secondary Category
<br />
<br />
<br />Description and Purpose
<br />A fiber roll consists of straw, coir, or other biodegradable
<br />materials bound into a tight tubular roll wrapped by netting,
<br />which can be photodegradable or natural. Additionally, gravel
<br />core fiber rolls are available, which contain an imbedded ballast
<br />material such as gravel or sand for additional weight when
<br />staking the rolls are not feasible (such as use as inlet
<br />protection). When fiber rolls are placed at the toe and on the
<br />face of slopes along the contours, they intercept runoff, reduce
<br />its flow velocity, release the runoff as sheet flow, and provide
<br />removal of sediment from the runoff (through sedimentation).
<br />By interrupting the length of a slope, fiber rolls can also reduce
<br />sheet and rill erosion until vegetation is established.
<br />Suitable Applications
<br />Fiber rolls may be suitable:
<br /> Along the toe, top, face, and at grade breaks of exposed and
<br />erodible slopes to shorten slope length and spread runoff as
<br />sheet flow.
<br /> At the end of a downward slope where it transitions to a
<br />steeper slope.
<br /> Along the perimeter of a project.
<br /> As check dams in unlined ditches with minimal grade.
<br /> Down-slope of exposed soil areas.
<br /> At operational storm drains as a form of inlet protection.
<br />July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal
<br />Construction
<br />www.casqa.org
<br />Targeted Constituents
<br />Sediment
<br />Nutrients
<br />Trash
<br />Metals
<br />Bacteria
<br />Oil and Grease
<br />Organics
<br />Potential Alternatives
<br />SE-1 Silt Fence
<br />SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm
<br />SE-8 Sandbag Barrier
<br />SE-12 Manufactured Linear
<br />Sediment Controls
<br />SE-14 Biofilter Bags
<br />If User/Subscriber modifies this fact
<br />sheet in any way, the CASQA
<br />name/logo and footer below must be
<br />removed from each page and not
<br />appear on the modified version.
<br />
<br />1 of 5
<br />
<br />
<br />2805 N Olive Ln
<br />11/18/2024
|