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Force Coefﬁcients, C f , for Case C Region (horizontal distance from windward edge) Aspect Ratio,B∕s 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 13 ≥45 0 to s 2.25 2.60 2.90 3.10* 3.30* 3.40* 3.55* 3.65* 3.75* 4.00* 4.30* s to 2s 1.50 1.70 1.90 2.00 2.15 2.25 2.30 2.35 2.45 2.60 2.55 2s to 3s 1.15 1.30 1.45 1.55 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.85 2.00 1.95 3s to 10s 1.10 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.00 0.95 3s to 4s 1.50 1.85 4s to 5s 1.35 1.85 5s to 10s 0.90 1.10 >10s 0.55 0.55 *Values shall be multiplied by the following reduction factor when a return corner is present: Lr /S Reduction Factor 0.3 0.90 1.0 0.75 ≥2 0.60 Notes 1. The term “signs”in these notes also applies to freestanding walls. 2. Signs with openings comprising less than 30% of the gross area are classiﬁed as solid signs. Force coefﬁcients for solid signs with openings shall be permitted to be multiplied by the reduction factor (1 −ð1 −εÞ1.5 ). 3. To allow for both normal and oblique wind directions, the following cases shall be considered: For s ∕h < 1: Case A: Resultant force acts normal to the face of the sign through the geometric center. Case B: Resultant force acts normal to the face of the sign at a distance from the geometric center toward the windward edge equal to 0.2 times the average width of the sign. For double-faced signs with all sides enclosed and Rmax ≤0.4, it is permitted to use force eccentricity,e =ð0.2 −0.25Rmax ÞB. For double-faced signs with all sides enclosed and Rmin ≤0.75, it is permitted to multiply tabulated C f values in Cases A and B by the reduction factor, (1 −0.133Rmin ). For B ∕s ≥2, Case C must also be considered; Case C: Resultant forces act normal to the face of the sign through the geometric centers of each region. For s ∕h =1: The same cases as above except that the vertical locations of the resultant forces occur at a distance above the geometric center equal to 0.05 times the average height of the sign. 4. For Case C where s ∕h >0.8, force coefﬁcients shall be multiplied by the reduction factor (1.8 −s ∕h). It is permitted to apply this reduction with those speciﬁed in Note 3. 5. Linear interpolation is permitted for values of s ∕h,B ∕s, and Lr ∕s other than shown. FIGURE 29.3-1 (Continued ). Design Wind Loads (All Heights): Force Coefﬁcients,Cf, for Other Structures—Solid Freestanding Walls and Solid Freestanding Signs 324 STANDARD ASCE/SEI 7-16 P1.28 1700 E St Andrew Pl - ADA Upgrades12/2/2024