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For a realistic look at the design requirements for such a use, the consultants <br />contacted the Vanir Area Manager3 who has the responsibility of constructing a data <br />center building for Microsoft in Seattle, Washington. His expertise combined with the <br />consultant team's experience and research has provided several insights as to what <br />is needed to convert the existing Jail based on existing conditions. While the list of <br />renovations is long, the most challenging aspects include the categories below. <br />Site Location: Location is an important criterion when planning a data center as it <br />affects security, operational efficiency, and operating costs. The neighborhood <br />where the facility will be located should be chosen carefully to realize the best mix of <br />ideal features. Data center sites with fiber available from multiple providers, near <br />redundant power grids are the best locations. Equipment is less likely to fail in a <br />facility that is drawing power from multiple grids in lieu of a facility that relies on <br />backup generators. The site should be in a safe area that is not subject to any natural <br />environmental dangers such as floods or landslides. Even if it's not located in the <br />flood plain, it's important to have good drainage and runoff paths so localized <br />flooding will not occur during heavy rains. Site criteria should include ensuring that <br />there is (a) reasonable commuting distance for employees, support vendors, and <br />other constituents; (b) sufficient site area for parking; (c) water and fuel storage, and <br />d) space for delivery truck access. <br />Design: The building type can significantly affect occupancy costs, security, <br />expansion, and operational flexibility. Ideally, data centers are built in suburban <br />locations in industrial type, single -story windowless structures with large floor plates, <br />unlike the Jail. They rely on lower operating costs, high ceilings, and more -flexible <br />space configuration. Most efficient building floor sizes provide large column spacing - <br />ideally 40' with high floor -to -floor clearances of 13' to 14' from structural slab to <br />lowest structural member. Best practice is to avoid multi -story office buildings with <br />small floor plates. The space design will focus on raised floor areas, rack layouts, <br />workstations, support areas (conference and supply rooms), as well as shipping, <br />receiving, and staging areas. <br />Power., Critical data center considerations include a complete electrical power <br />design, as well as power distribution. This includes the following systems: (a) Main <br />Distribution Frame (MDF); (b) Intermediate Distribution Frame (IDF); (c) <br />Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS); (d) diesel backup power systems, (e) wet and <br />dry fire -retardant systems; (f) security monitoring; and (g) mechanical systems, such <br />as Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC). Pre -action wet systems <br />contain sprinkler pipes charged with air so leaks or other faults are detected and are <br />typically required by local fire codes. <br />Mechanical and Cooling Needs: Data centers typically include vast data equipment <br />installations and keeping the equipment cool is a major priority. The space above the <br />data cabinets accumulates rising heat. Having more space available helps minimize <br />its mixing with cold air thereby improving the air conditioners' efficiency. General <br />recommendations suggest that the temperature range between 50°F and 82°F. <br />Although this appears to be a wide range, these temperatures are the extremes and <br />it is far more common to keep the ambient temperature near 68-71°F. Computer <br />equipment not only generates heat, but it is also sensitive to heat, humidity, and dust. <br />Designers need to include filtering factors to ensure very high resilience and to meet <br />failover requirements. It is crucial to note that maintaining stable temperatures and <br />humidity within tight tolerances is critical to IT system reliability. The design should <br />also include a rack layout and determine the optimal electrical and air cooling <br />distribution system based on rack densities. <br />117 <br />65A-124 <br />