Laserfiche WebLink
*:/:I1-3111WA <br />California has also adopted a host of other regulations that reduce criteria pollutant emissions, including. <br />■ AB 1493: Pavley Fuel Efficiency Standards <br />■ Title 20 California Code of Regulations (CCR): Appliance Energy Efficiency Standards <br />■ Title 24, Part 6, CCR: Building and Energy Efficiency Standards <br />■ Title 24, Part 11, CCR: Green Building Standards Code <br />CRITERIA AIR POLLUTANTS <br />The air pollutants emitted into the ambient air by stationary and mobile sources are regulated by federal and <br />state law. Air pollutants are categorized as primary or secondary pollutants. Primary air pollutants are those <br />that are emitted directly from sources. Carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOC), nitrogen <br />dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), coarse inhalable particulate matter (PM3o), fine inhalable particulate <br />matter (PMzs), and lead (Pb) are primary air pollutants. Of these, CO, SO2, NO2, PM30, and PM25 are <br />"criteria air pollutants," which means that ambient air quality standards (AAQS) have been established for <br />them. VOC and oxides of nitrogen (NO.) are air pollutant precursors that form secondary criteria pollutants <br />through chemical and photochemical reactions in the atmosphere. Ozone (03) and NO2 are the principal <br />secondary pollutants. A description of each of the primary and secondary criteria air pollutants and their <br />known health effects is presented below. <br />Carbon Monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, toxic gas produced by incomplete combustion of carbon <br />substances, such as gasoline or diesel fuel. CO is a primary criteria au pollutant. CO concentrations tend to be <br />the highest during winter mornings with little to no wind, when surface based inversions trap the pollutant at <br />ground levels. Because CO is emitted directly from internal combustion, engines and motor vehicles <br />operating at slow speeds are the primary source of CO in the SOCAR The highest ambient CO <br />concentrations me generally found near traffic -congested corridors and intersections. The primary adverse <br />health effect associated with CO is interference with normal oxygen transfer to the blood, which may result in <br />tissue oxygen deprivation (SCAQMD 2005; USEPA 2018a). The SoCAB is designated under the California <br />and National AAQS as being in attainment of CO criteria levels (CARB 2017a). <br />Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) are compounds composed primarily of atoms of hydrogen and <br />carbon. Internal combustion associated with motor vehicle usage is the major source of hydrocarbons. Other <br />sources of VOCs include evaporative emissions associated with the use of paints and solvents, the <br />application of asphalt paving, and the use of household consumer products such as aerosols. There are no <br />ambient au quality standards established for VOCs. However, because they contribute to the formation of <br />ozone (03), SCAQMD has established a significance threshold for this pollutant (SCAQMD 2005). <br />Nitrogen Oxides (NO.) are a byproduct of fuel combustion and contribute to the formation of 03, PM30, <br />and PMzs. The two major forms of NO, are nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The principal <br />form of NO2 produced by combustion is NO, but NO reacts with oxygen to form NO2, creating the mixture <br />of NO and NO2 commonly called NO.. NO2 acts as an acute irritant and, in equal concentrations, is more <br />injurious than NO. At atmospheric concentrations, however, NO2 is only potentially irritating. There is some <br />indication of a relationship between NO2 and chronic pulmonary fibrosis. Some increase in bronchitis in <br />children (two and three years old) has also been observed at concentrations below 0.3 part per million (ppm). <br />75C-142 <br />