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Housing Discrimination: the refusal to rent to or inform a potential tenant about the <br />availability of housing. Housing discrimination also applies to buying a home or getting a loan <br />to buy a home. The Fair Housing Act makes it illegal to discriminate against a potential <br />tenant/buyer/lendee based on that person's race, class, sex, religion, national origin, or familial <br />status. <br />HUD Grantee: a jurisdiction (city, country, consortium, state, etc.) that receives money from <br />HUD. See also: Entitlement Jurisdiction <br />Inclusionary Zoning: a zoning ordinance that requires that a certain percentage of any newly <br />built housing must be affordable to people with low and moderate incomes. <br />Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA): a federal civil rights law that ensures <br />students with a disability are provided with Free Appropriate Public Education that is tailored <br />to their individual needs. <br />Integration: the process of reversing trends of racial or other segregation in housing patterns. <br />Often, segregation patterns continue even though enforced segregation is now illegal, and <br />integration may require affirmative steps to encourage people to move out of their historic <br />neighborhoods and mix with other groups in the community. <br />Isolation Index: a measurement of how much the typical person of a specific race is only <br />exposed to people of the same race. For example, an 80% isolation index value for White <br />people would mean that the population of people the typical White person is exposed to is 80% <br />White. <br />Jobs Proximity Index: a HUD calculation based on distances to all job locations, distance <br />from any single job location, size of employment at that location, and labor supply to that <br />location. The higher the number, the better the access to employment opportunities for <br />residents in a neighborhood. <br />Labor Market Engagement Index: a HUD calculation based on level of employment, labor <br />force participation, and educational attainment in a census tract. The higher the number, the <br />higher the labor force participation and human capital in the neighborhood. <br />Limited English Proficiency (LEP): residents who do not speak English as a first language, <br />and who speak English less than "very well" <br />Local Data: any data used in this analysis that is not provided by HUD through the Data and <br />Mapping Tool (AFFHT), or through the Census or American Community Survey <br />Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC): provides tax incentives to encourage individual <br />and corporate investors to invest in the development, acquisition, and rehabilitation of <br />affordable rental housing. <br />Low Poverty Index: a HUD calculation using both family poverty rates and public assistance <br />receipt in the form of cash -welfare (such as Temporary Assistance for Needy Families <br />301 <br />75A-580 <br />