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City of Santa Ana—Agenda Item 37 May 02,2022 Page 4of5 In fact, the City of Hayward has gone as far as to adopt a Skilled Labor Force policy into its Downtown Specific Plan and municipal code, requiring developments in its Downtown area to requiring that the City "[c]ontribute to the stabilization of regional construction markets by spurring applicants of housing and nonresidential developments to require contractors to utilize apprentices from state-approved, joint labor-management training programs, . . ."4 In addition, the City of Hayward requires all projects 30,000 square feet or larger to "utilize apprentices from state-approved, joint labor-management training programs."5 Locating jobs closer to residential areas can have significant environmental benefits. As the California Planning Roundtable noted in 2008: People who live and work in the same jurisdiction would be more likely to take transit, walk, or bicycle to work than residents of less balanced communities and their vehicle trips would be shorter. Benefits would include potential reductions in both vehicle miles traveled and vehicle hours traveled.' In addition, local hire mandates as well as skill training are critical facets of a strategy to reduce vehicle miles traveled. As planning experts Robert Cervero and Michael Duncan noted, simply placing jobs near housing stock is insufficient to achieve VMT reductions since the skill requirements of available local jobs must be matched to those held by local residents.' Some municipalities have tied local hire and skilled and trained workforce policies to local development permits to address transportation issues. As Cervero and Duncan note: In nearly built-out Berkeley, CA, the approach to balancing jobs and housing is to create local jobs rather than to develop new housing." The city's First Source program encourages businesses to hire local residents, 4 City of Hayward (2019) Hayward Downtown Specific Plan at p. 5-24, available at https://www.ha=ard-ca.gov/sites/default/files/Hayward%2ODowntown% 20S12ecific%20PIan.12df. 5 City of Hayward Municipal Code, Chapter 10, � 28.5.3.020(C). 6 California Planning Roundtable (2008) Deconstructing Jobs-Housing Balance at p. 6, available at https://cproundtable.org/static/media/uploads/publications/cpr-1 obs- housingpdf ' Cervero,Robert and Duncan,Michael (2006) Which Reduces Vehicle Travel More:Jobs- Housing Balance or Retail-Housing Mixing?Journal of the American Planning Association 72 (4),475-490, 482, available athttp://reconnectingamerica.org/assets/Up1oads/UTCT- 825.12df.