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Cabrillo at First Mixed-Use Residential Air Quality, Global Climate Change, HRA, and Energy Impact Analysis 41 19386 3. DIESEL EMISSIONS HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT The proposed project would be exposed to toxic air contaminant emissions from diesel truck emissions from nearby freeway DPM sources. As stated previously, in the California Building Industry Association v. Bay Area Air Quality Management District (2015) 62 Cal. 4th 369 (CBIA) case the California Supreme Court determined that CEQA does not generally require an impact analysis of the existing environmental conditions on the future residents of a proposed project and generally only requires an analysis of the proposed project’s impact on the environment. However, the CBIA case also stated that when a proposed project brings development and people into an area already subject to specific hazards and the new development/people exacerbate the existing hazards, then CEQA requires an analysis of the hazards and the proposed project’s effect in terms of increasing the risks related to those hazards. In regards to air quality hazards, TACs are defined as substances that may cause or contribute to an increase in deaths or in serious illness, or that may pose a present or potential hazard to human health. As such, if a proposed project would not exacerbate pre-existing hazards (e.g., TAC health risks) then an analysis of those hazards and the proposed project’s effect on increasing those hazards is not required. However, as the project is a mixed-use/residential project and will not be a source of toxic air contaminants, and the existing conditions on the project site does not contain any operational land uses that emit toxic air contaminants, the following health risk assessment was performed for informational and disclosure purposes only. SCAQMD methodology states that health effects from carcinogenic air toxics are usually described in terms of individual cancer risk. “Individual Cancer Risk” is the likelihood that a person exposed to concentrations of toxic air contaminants over a 30-year lifetime will contract cancer, based on the use of revised Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) risk-assessment methodology9. A health risk assessment requires the completion and interaction of four general steps: (1) Quantify project-generated TAC emissions. (2) Identify nearby ground-level receptor locations that may be affected by the emissions (including any special sensitive receptor locations such as residences, schools, hospitals, convalescent homes, and daycare centers). (3) Perform air dispersion modeling analyses to estimate ambient pollutant concentrations at each receptor location using project TAC emissions and representative meteorological data to define the transport and dispersion of those emissions in the atmosphere. (4) Characterize and compare the calculated health risks with the applicable health risk significance thresholds. The ARB Air Quality and Land Use Handbook (ARB Handbook) provides an advisory recommendation to avoid the locating of new sensitive land uses within 500 feet of a freeway, urban roads with 100,000 vehicles per day, or rural roads with 50,000 vehicles per day. The proposed residential uses are to be located approximately 23 feet of the Interstate 5 freeway. The California Department of Transportation vehicular counts show 2020 AADT numbers of 301,600 (ahead AADT) at the segment of Tustin, Junction Route 55, Costa Mesa Freeway with a total of 21,112 (seven percent) of those vehicles being trucks. According to the SCAQMD’s MATES-V study, the project area has an estimated multi-pathway cancer risk of 462 in one million and an inhalation cancer risk of 434 in one million. In comparison the average multi-pathway cancer risk for the South Coast Air Basin portion of Orange County is 390 in one million and the inhalation 9 In February 2015, the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment updated their "Air Toxics Hot Spots Program, Risk Assessments Guidelines, Guidance Manual for Preparation of Health Risk Assessments; however, the updated OEHHA guidance states in the page footers "do not cite or quote." SCAQMD staff have incorporated the updates into their methodology for SCAQMD's Rules 1401, 1401.1, 1402, and 212, and have updated their HRA Guidance for permitting; however they are still in the process of updating the guidance for CEQA analyses (via working group sessions); however, to be conservative, the new OEHHA guidance was used to assess HRA impacts in this analysis. 416/27/2022 Planning Commission 2 –94