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reactive, and most can no longer engage in the proactive operations that are designed to target the most dangerous offenders.5 It is important to understand that the CyberTipline is challenging law enforcement not only with respect to the quantity of leads, but also the quality of leads. Most of the investigative leads provided by service providers, through NCMEC, to the ICAC Task Forces are not actionable, meaning they do not contain sufficient information to permit an investigation to begin. The lack of uniformity in what is reported by service providers results in law enforcement being forced to sort through thousands of leads trying desperately to identify worth-while cases. Cases where abusers and offenders who are considered particularly sadistic and dangerous. The Ackerman case out of the Fourth Circuit, and the Wilson case out of the Ninth Circuit, have also increased the burden on law enforcement officers trying to review CyberTips. As noted above, the sheer volume of Cybertips also prevents law enforcement from pursuing proactive investigative effort that would efficiently target the most egregious offenders. For example,peer-to-peer file sharing investigations and operations used to allow ICAC Task Forces to efficiently locate and apprehend hands-on offenders.'In the last 90 days, alone, there have been 99,172 IP addresses throughout the United States that have distributed known CSAM images and videos through peer-to-peer networks. Yet only 782 - less than 1% - are being investigated(see Exhibit 1). Consistently, 75% of these cases have resulted in successful prosecutions. Significantly, the most rigorous studies involving interviews with offenders have shown that between 57% and 85% of individuals arrested for these crimes have committed undetected sexual abuse of minors; on average, those offenders have assaulted between 10 to 13 victims.'Due to the overwhelming volume of Cybertips, law enforcement is simply not investigating peer-to-peer to the degree that it wants and should. EXHIBIT 1 5 Reactive investigations take place when law enforcement receives information,such as a CyberTip,that a crime has occurred. A proactive investigation involves the use of intelligence to try to identify potential offenders. 6111;1�s ://wwwrii ro�rw4)a )'a' l;lzl 'lnitf�S://www t��.�Ovh� p,.S/vzrti l 1zl�ena /�Ibs(ra,sc(�s/I�eit(,iet;s(ii.dY:: F c17ax�r�� L izn�zclr�r�:r;:::1nands,child vi tiliz�gion::°. child.. ...........................