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FY 2006 HOMELAND SECURITY GRANT PROGRAM -. DECEMBER 2, 2005 Public announcements, infrastructure improvements and citizen vigilance also are important, especially when considering an all-hazards approach. Protect: Actions to reduce the vulnerability of critical infrastructure or key resources in order to deter, mitigate, or neutralize terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies" Protection also includes: continuity of government and operations planning; evacuation planning, awareness elevation and understanding of threats and vulnerabilities to related critical facilities, systems, and functions; promotion of effective sector-specific protection practices and methodologies; and expansion of voluntary security-related information sharing between government and private entities.5 Respond: Activities that address the short-term, direct effects of an incident. Response includes immediate actions to save lives, protect property, and meet basic human needs. As indicated by the situation, response activities include: applying intelligence and other information to lessen the effects or consequences of an incident; increasing security and law enforcement operations; continuing investigations into the nature and source of the threat; continuing ongoing public health and agricultural surveillance and testing processes; providing immunizations; enforcing isolation or quarantine; and allowing appropriate citizen response.6 A prepared community will also possess sufficient capability for emergency feeding and sheltering of displaced personnel. Recover: The development, coordination, and execution of service- and site-restoration plans; the reconstitution of government operations and services; individual, private-sector, nongovernmental, and public-assistance programs to provide housing and to promote restoration; long-term care and treatment of affected persons; additional measures for social, political, environmental, and economic restoration; evaluation of the incident to identify lessons learned; post-incident reporting; and development of initiatives to mitigate the effects of future incidents. 7 Each mission area includes a collection of capabilities that require integration and collaboration across multiple disciplines, jurisdictions, levels of government, processes, and procedures. Many of these capabilities support the achievement of the National Priorities listed in the Goal. The Goal and the TCL are evolving documents that will be updated regularly to incorporate new threats, technologies, improvements to capability levels, new preparedness initiatives and priorities, and lessons-learned. DHS will coordinate the establishment of a structure and process for the ongoing management and maintenance ofthe Goal. This structure and process will be coordinated closely with the ongoing management and maintenance of the NIMS, NRP, and NIPP. Such coordination will ensure that national policy and planning for operations and preparedness are mutually supportive. The Nation's priorities, target levels, and performance metrics within the TCL shall be modified to reflect the completion or update of assessments, and shall include benchmarks for measuring 4 Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD) 7, December 2003. 5 The National Strategy for the Physical Protection of Critical Infrastructures and Key Assets, February 2003. 6 NlMS, March 2004. 7 NlMS, March 2004. PREPAREDNESS DlRECI'ORA TE'S OFFICE OF GRANTS AND TRAINING 3