2014-028 - Approving General Plan Amendement No. 2014-01

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City of Santa Ana -Park View at Town and Country Manor Draft EIR Table 4.8.1 (cont.): Greenhouse Gases Climate Greenhouse Gas .WM Description and Physical Properti Nitrous oxide is also known as laughing gas and Microbial processes in soil and water, Nitrous oxide (N20) is a colorless greenhouse gas. It has a lifetime of fuel combustion, and industrial 114 years. Its GWP is 310. processes. Methane Methane is a flammable gas and is the main Methane is extracted from geological (CH4) component of natural gas. It has a lifetime of 12 deposits (natural gas fields). Other years. Its GWP is 21. sources are landfills, fermentation of manure, decay of organic matter, and cattle. Hydro- The HFCs with the largest measured HFCs are synthetic manmade fluorocarbons atmospheric concentrations are HFC -23 and chemicals that are used as a substitute (HFCs) HFC -134a (10 parts per trillion [ppt]) and HFC- for CFCs in applications such as 152a (1 ppt). GWP associated with HFCs are automobile air conditioners and HFC -23 = 11,700, HFC -134a= 1,300, HFC- refrigerants. 152a= 140. Source: Michael Brandman Associates, Climate Change Analysis Report, 2009. In 2006, greenhouse gas emissions were as follows: • Worldwide greenhouse gas emissions were 22,170 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTCOze), excluding emissions /removals from land use, land use change, and forestry. (Sinks, or removal processes of greenhouse gas, play an important role in the greenhouse gas inventory as forest and other land uses absorb carbon.) • Emissions in the U.S. were 7,054.2 MMTCO2e • California emitted 483.9 MMTCO2e, with transportation as the largest sector contributing 39 percent of the emissions. 4.8.3 - Regulatory Setting International and National International and national agreements have been enacted to cope with climate change issues. In 1988, the United Nations and the World Meteorological Organization established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. In 1994, the United States joined a number of countries around the world in signing the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. A particularly notable result of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change efforts is a treaty known as the Kyoto Protocol, which went into effect on February 16, 2005. When countries sign the Protocol, they demonstrate their commitment to reduce their emissions of greenhouse gases or engage in emissions trading. More than 170 countries are currently participating in the Protocol. Industrialized countries are required to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by an average of 5 percent below their 1990 levels by 2012. In 1998, United States Vice President Al Gore symbolically signed the Protocol; however, in order for the Protocol to be formally ratified, the United States Congress must Michael Brandman Associates 4.8 -3 H\Cl t(PN- RN)b327b32]003MMVB2]0030 Sec0 Clore Ch ge dac